Prior to 1989 and the “Velvet Revolution,” Czechoslovakia faced a catastrophic environmental record, with high levels of air, water, and soil pollution. Since 1990, and under the supervision of the Ministry of Environment, the Czech Republic has developed environmental programs, culminating in the State Environmental Policy Act of 1999, and also ratified the Kyoto Protocol. A nature and landscape protection law was adopted, and apart from minor changes, remains valid to this date. Three new national parks and a number of protected areas were also created, and the entire Czech Republic was mapped for Natura 2000.
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1990